What the category covers Annex III Class I (1), Art. 7(1), Art. 7(2), Art. 7(4)
Item 1 of Class I is the broadest entry on the list. It names identity management systems and privileged access management (PAM) software and hardware, and it expressly reaches authentication and access control readers, including biometric readers. So an IdP, an SSO gateway, a directory service, a PAM vault, an MFA server, and the physical readers at a door can all fall inside it.
The reason it sits in Class I is spelled out in Article 7(2): products that primarily perform functions critical to the cybersecurity of other products, such as securing authentication and access, are treated as important. Identity is the classic example. The binding scope, though, is the technical description in the implementing act, not the label.
Software and hardware both count Annex III Class I (1), Art. 7(1)
This is one of the few Annex III entries that names hardware alongside software. A biometric reader, a smart-card door controller, or a hardware authentication token is squarely in view, and so is a pure-software IdP or PAM broker. If you make either, treat the Class I route as your default and confirm the match against the technical description.
A product that merely calls out to an external identity provider, without itself managing identities or access, is a different question. Consuming SSO is not the same as being an identity management system, and Article 7(1) makes clear that embedding such a component does not, on its own, reclassify the surrounding product.
Judgment call: Where a product both consumes and re-issues identity or access decisions, whether it "has the core functionality" of an IAM system is a close call the implementing act is meant to settle.
What Class I changes: your conformity route Art. 32(1), Art. 32(2), Annex VIII
For a default-category product a manufacturer may self-assess under internal control (module A). For a Class I important product that choice narrows: internal control remains available only where you apply harmonised standards, common specifications, or a European cybersecurity certification scheme at assurance level at least "substantial", in full, to the relevant essential requirements.
Where you do not, or where no such standard yet exists, the product must go through EU-type examination plus conformity to type (modules B and C) or full quality assurance (module H), both involving a notified body. For hardware readers in particular the lead time and testing cost are worth planning well before 11 December 2027.
Everything else is the ordinary manufacturer programme Art. 13, Art. 14, Annex I
Class I status changes the conformity route, not the substance. The essential cybersecurity requirements, vulnerability handling including a coordinated vulnerability disclosure policy, technical documentation, CE marking, and the reporting duties for actively exploited vulnerabilities and severe incidents apply to an IAM product exactly as they do to any product in scope.